Special Education K-5 ELA and Supplemental Guide

Behavioral Instructional Priorities TIER 3 Implementation Guide Matches Function(s):

Function:

TOKEN ECONOMIES A system whereby participants earn generalized conditioned reinforcers (e.g., tokens, chips, points) as an immediate consequence for specific behaviors; participants accumulate tokens and exchange them for items and activities from a menu of backup reinforcers.

● Before moving to Tier 3 Token Economies, make sure tier 1 and 2 tier strategies are being used consistently. Things to Consider: Reinforcement Inventory: Ask the student what they want to work for or what they like. Here are two examples that can be modified based on age, setting, and ability: Reinforcement Inventory Reinforcement Inventory Survey Preference Assessment : Have the student choose between two items and record which on they prefer. This helps eliminate unwanted items from reinforcement menus or can give ideas on what to add or might be more valuable to the student. Preferences Assessment Survey

Implementation Guidelines

●

Determine which behavior you are addressing with the token system Select what the token will look like (check marks, stickers smiley faces) Define the backup reinforcer. To determine what the student will be working toward or earning access to, assess the student’s interests and motivation. Determine the criteria for success: determine how many tokens are needed to earn the backup reinforcer (i.e., 10 pennies, 5 stickers, a 10-hole punch card, 7 pieces of a puzzle, etc.) Provide an instruction or opportunity to respond. When the student responds correctly, the teacher awards a token, or places a token on the student’s token board. Continue this process until the student has earned all the tokens. After the student has earned all of the tokens, the teacher provides backup reinforcer. After the student becomes familiar with the system, introduce new goals. Over time, increase the criteria for earning tokens (i.e., the number of correct responses).

●

●

●

Preference Assessment Instructions Preference Assessment Data Sheet

●

Function Types Potential Earned Reinforcers

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Game time with peer Free time with peer Sitting with peer at lunch

From Peers

●

Attention

Free time with preferred adult Preferred activity with adult

From Adults

Run errands for adults

●

Assignment passes

●

10 extra points on assignments Skip any 10 problems on assignments

Academic Task

Sticker Method- for every problem completed student gets to put a sticker over another problem. They do not have to complete any problem with a sticker on it.

Escape

● ● ●

Break in another area

Running errands

Location

Work in another location such as the hall, back of the room, or another teacher’s class

Fidelity Checklist: ❏

Checklist created by: The University of Washington. Additional resources can be found here

Tier 1 and tier 2 fidelity checks

❏ A reinforcement inventory or preference assessment has been used to determine possible reinforcements ❏ ABC data has been collected to determine the function of the behavior.