STEM Concepts

persevering in real-world problem-solving.

End of Unit Competency ●​ Students can explain the meaning of STEM.

●​ Students can identify and define the four disciplines of STEM.

●​ Students can narrate how to complete a project incorporating the four STEM disciplines.

●​ Students can argue the importance of STEM education and its importance in society.

Language Functions & Features: ■ Generalized nouns to introduce a topic and entity ■ Opening statements to identify the type of information

■ Verbs to define career pathways or attributes (eg, have, be, belong to, consist of) ■ Expanded noun groups to define key concepts, add details, or classify information ■ Reporting devices to acknowledge outside sources and integrate information into the report as using verbs and direct quotes ■ Technical word choices to define and classify entities. ■ Adjectives and adverbs to answer questions about quantity, size, shape, and manner ( descriptions) Differentiation in Action Skill Building Science :

●​ Conduct inquiry labs where students form hypotheses, design experiments, collect data, and draw conclusions (e.g., testing how temperature affects chemical reactions). ●​ Use phenomenon-based learning : Start with a real-world observation (e.g., climate change, bridge collapse) and guide students to explore the science behind it. ●​ Model scientific concepts with hands-on manipulatives or simulations (e.g., molecular models, ecosystems). ●​ Data collection with sensors : Use digital probes and sensors to collect temperature, motion, or pH data and analyze it using software. Technology : ●​ Teach digital tool fluency : Have students use CAD software, coding environments (e.g., Scratch, Python), spreadsheets, or data analysis programs. ●​ Integrate AR/VR tools to simulate environments (e.g., Mars rovers, inside the human body) where students can explore virtual STEM challenges. ●​ Design challenges using technology : Example—Design a smart irrigation system using microcontrollers (like Arduino). ●​ Evaluate ethical tech use : Case study analysis around AI, data privacy, or environmental impacts of technology.